Indwara no kurwanya udukoko mu myumbati

1. Indwara y’ububembe ni indwara iterwa n’agakoko ko mu bwokob wa virusi bita

Ibimenyetso: indwara itangira ikibabi kizana amabara y’umuhondo, ahasigaye ari icyatsi hakaguma gukura ugasanga ikibabi kirikunjakunja, kigapfunyarara nyuma kikagira amatwi..

Uko wayirwanya

Kurandura imyumbati igaragaza ibimenyetso by'indwara no kubivana mu murima, guterera igihe ukoresheje imbuto z'imyumbati zihanganira iyi ndwara kandi zavuye mu murima utarwaye. Ni ngombwa kandi gukorera neza umurima.

2. Kirabiranya y'imyumbati (CBB)

• Amababi afite ibimenyetso bya Kirabiranya araraba, akamera nk’ayasutsweho amazi ashyushye, nyuma akagaragaza amabara y’ikigina atwikiriwe n’ibintu bisa n’amavuta.
• Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara neza ku ruhande rwo hasi rw’ikibabi.

3. Kabore y'imyumbati (CBSV)

• Kabore y'imyumbati ni indwara ikomeye yangiza imyumbati cyane cyane mu karere ka Afurika y'Iburasirazuba.  Iyi ndwara yagaragaye bwa mbere mu 1936 muri Tanzaniya, hanyuma iza gukwira mu turere twegereye inyanja twa Afurika y'Uburazirazba kuva muri Kenya kugera muri Mozambiki. Kabore y'imyumbati irangwa n'amabara y’umuhondo agenda akurikiye udutsi duto hanyuma ibara ry’umuhondo rikwiriye ikibabi cyose  hagati y’ udutsi, ariko  tugasigara ari icyatsi kibisi. Ibintu bituma imyumbati ikura  ( nk'ubutumburuke, ingano y'imvura....), igihe imaze itewe n'ubwoko bwa virusi yayifashe bigira uruhare mu igaragazwa ry'ibimenyetso byayo. Ku gice cy’igihimba kikiri gito, hazaho amabara ari hagati y’umukara n’ikigina. Ku gice gikomeye hazaho ibibara by’ ikigina (amagaragamba). Iyo indwara ifite ubukana bwinshi igiti cy’umwumbati kiruma. Ku bijumba by'imyumbati ibimenyetso bitangirana n’ububore bumeze nk’akadomo k’ ikigina kagenda gakura kava k’umuzenguruko ahegereye ku gishishwa kinjira imbere ahagana ku muzi, ububore bukamanuka bukurikiye  uburebure bw’ ikijumba.  

Ibyonnyi by'ingenzi byangiza imyumbati

• Akamatirizi (CM)

• Akamatirizi ni agakoko gafite ibara rijya gusa n’iroza ritwikiwe n’agafu k’umweru,  gafite mm 2-3 z’uburebure. Akamatirizi gakara cyane mu gihe cy’izuba , kagakwirakwizwa n’umuyaga no gutera ingeri zivuye mu mu murima urwaye. Udusimba dukunda kwirundaniriza hamwe ku mababi akiri mato no ku mitwe yoroshye . Ibiti byafashwe biba bifite amababi ameze nk’ibihuru, igakura gahoro, ingingo zikaba ngufi kandi igiti kikagorama gihereye ahafashwe.

• Agatagangurirwa (CGM)

Agatagangurirwa ni agakoko gafite ibara ry’icyatsi kibisi  kangiza imyumbati mu gihe cy’izuba.

Amabara menshi y'umuhondo agaragara ku mababi yo hejuru akivuka no ku mutwe w’amashami kuko horoshye.

Ikimenyetso:

• Amababi usanga ari icyatsi kibisi kivanzemo utubara tw’umuhondo kandi twinshi. Amababi ata ireme akagwingira ntakure, nyuma agahunguka. Ku mutwe w’amashami hasigara utubabi tumeze nk’utwana tw’inyoni. Umwumbati ugira ingingo ngufi cyane

• Isazi y'umweru

Isazi y'umweru ni icyonnyi gikomeye cy'imyumbati muri Afurika kuko ikwirakwiza virusi zitera indwara z'imyumbati byiyongera ku bwangizi bwayo ku mababi y'imyumbati. Udusazi tw’umweru tunyunyuza amatembabuzi ku myumbati irwaye twaruma imizima tukayanduz

Uburyo bwo urwanya indwara n'ibyonnyi by'imyumbati

• Gutera imbuto z'imyumbati yihanganira indwara
• Gukoresha ingeri zitarwaye ku gihe, imvura igitangira kugwa
• Kurandura imyumbati yagaragaje ibimenyetso by'uburwayi ukayitwika
• Guhugura abahinzi kugira ngo bamenye indwara n'uburyo bwo kuzirwanya
• Gukurikiza amabwiriza y'akato igihe ari ngombwa
• Gukoresha udukoko turya ibyonnyi by'imyumbati
• Gutera imbuto zivuye muri laburatwari
• Gukoresha uburyo bukomatanyije bwo kurwanya indwara n'ibyonnyi by'imyumbati  (IPM).