Ubuhinzi bwa puwavuro busaba ihinduranya ry’imyaka mu murima. Urugero, guhinga puwavuro mu murima uvuyemo umuceri bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara no kuzana iminyorogoto. Inama nziza ni ukudahinga puwavuro mu murima uvuyemo inyanya vuba, urusenda, intoryi cyangwa ibindi bihingwa byo mu muryango umwe kuko ibyo bihingwa bisangiye udukoko tubyangiza ndetse n’indwara zikaba ari zimwe.
Ibyatsi bibi no guhangana na byo
Ibyatsi bibi bigomba kurwanywa kuko bicuranwa na puwavuro urumuri, amazi n’ibizitunga. Rimwe na rimwe ibyatsi bibi biba indiri y’udukoko n’indwara zanduza igihingwa.
Ifoto: Icyatsi cya kurisuka
Imirima ya puwavuro ikunda kwibasirwa n’ibyatsi bibi bimera rimwe mu mwaka nk’umunyu wa nyamanza cyangwa kurisuka, inyabarasanya (Bidens pilosa) n’amoko y’imbwija. Ibyo byatsi kubirwanya biroroshye bakoresheje uburyo bwo gusasira, kubirandura mbere y’uko bizana indabo bigatwikwa, no guhinduranya imyaka mu murima. Isaso ituma ibyatsi bibi bidakomeza gukurira mu murima. Mu gihe isaso idashoboye kuboneka cyangwa idashoboye kurwanya ibyatsi bibi uko bikwiye ni ngombwa gukoresha ubundi buryo bwizewe.
Inama nziza ni ugushyira toni 10-30 z’ifumbire kuri ha mu butaka butari bwiza ntibube bubi ndetse n’ubutaka bubi. Puwavuro zagombye gufumbizwa ifumbire mvaruganda kugira ngo zere imbuto nziza. Mu gihe ugiye guhitamo uburyo bwo guhinga ni ngombwa kumenya ibisabwa n’ubutaka ugiye guhingamo n’uburyo bukoreshwa mu buhinzi mu gace ugiye guhingamo. Gukora inyigo y’ubutaka ni ngombwa. Ifumbire mvaruganda irimo azote igomba gushyirwa mu murima mbere yo kugemura, nyuma yaho ikongerwamo mu byiciro ku byumweru 2, 4 kugeza kuri 6 nyuma yo kugemura.
Kuvomerera/ Kuhira
Kuvomerera/Kuhira ni ingenzi cyane mu buhinzi bwa puwavuro. Puwavuro zigira imizi migufi bityo ntizibasha kwihanganira kugamagara k’ubutaka. Puwavuro zikenera amazi cyane by’umwihariko mu gihe cyo kuzana uruyange no kuzana imbuto. Umurima ugomba kuvomererwa mu gihe bigaragara ko ingemwe ziraba mu masaha y’amanywa. Kuyobora amazi mu ruhavu cyangwa kuvomerera urugemwe ku rundi ni ngombwa iyo bishoboka. Si byiza kuvomerera basuka amazi ku mababi kuko amababi n’imbuto bitose byoroshya ikwirakwira ry’indwara. Mu gihe hakoreshejwe kuvomerera baturutse hejuru si byiza kuvomerera mu masaha atinze ya nimugoroba kuko ibihingwa bigomba kuba byumutse mbere y’uko bwira.
Uburyo bukomatanyije bwo kurwanya ibyonnyi
Amoko menshi y’udukoko ashobora gufata puwavuro. Mu dukoko duteye inkeke cyane harimo utu dukurikira:
Ubukoko, nk’isazi zera, uduhunduguru n’inda dushobora kwanduza virusi ingemwe za puwavuro zikiri nto. Gutwikiriza ubuhumbikiro umwenda w’akayunguruzobirinda ubwandu ubwo ari bwo bwose. Uwo mwenda w’akayunguruzo unazirinda kwangizwa n’imvura nyinshi.
Inanda zangiza inyanya zirapfumura zikinjira imbere mu rubuto. Imiti yica udukoko nka Bacillus thuringiensis n’amavubi ahiga udukoko (parasitic wasps) bikoreshwa mu guhangana n’ibyo byonnyi.
Inanda zangiza inyanya
Uduhunduguru twangiza ipamba ni ubukoko butungwa n’amatembabuzi yo mu mababi ya puwavuro bigatuma amababi yihinahina. Uduhunduguru kandi turema ibintu bimatira nk’isukari bigera aho bigahindura amababi umukara kandi akabora. Uburyo bwo kurwanya uduhunduguru ni ugukoresha imiti yica udukoko, gukoresha isaso yirukana udukoko no guhinduranya imyaka mu murima.
Uduhunduguru twangiza ipamba
Uduhunduguru natwo zinyunyuza amatembabuzi mu mababi ya puwavuro bigatuma yuma, ibice by’imbere bikuma n’amababi akihina areba hejuru. Barwanya uduhunduguru barandura ibyatsi bibi bicumbikira utwo dukoko, bahinduranya imyaka mu murima banatera imiti yica udukoko.
Uduhunduguru n’uburyotwangiza urubuto rwa puwavuro
Imiswa ni udukoko dushobora kwangiza cyane mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe. Ibyana byatwo bitungwa n’igice cyo munsi cy’amababi bigatera amababi kumagara no kuvunagurika. Imbuto zirabemba. Utu dukoko baturwanya batera imbuto z’ubwoko bwihanganira indwara, bakuraho ibyatsi bibi ari byo ndiri y’utwo dukoko, guhinduranya imyaka mu murima, no gutera imiti yica ubwo bwoko bw’udukoko.
Imiswa ni udukoko dushobora kwangiza cyane mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe. Ibyana byatwo bitungwa n’igice cyo munsi cy’amababi bigatera amababi kumagara no kuvunagurika. Imbuto zirabemba. Utu dukoko baturwanya batera imbuto z’ubwoko bwihanganira indwara, bakuraho ibyatsi bibi ari byo ndiri y’utwo dukoko, guhinduranya imyaka mu murima, no gutera imiti yica ubwo bwoko bw’udukoko.
Imiswa n’uburyo yangiwa igihingwa cya puwavuro
Imihingire irwanya ibyonnyi
Inama y’uko bahinduranya ibihingwa mu murima
|
Ibitunguru |
Ibishyimbo |
Puwavuro |
|
Ibishyimbo |
Puwavuro |
Ibitunguru |
|
Puwavuro |
Ibitunguru |
Ibishyimbo |
RWA
ENG