Ibihumyo
RWA 
ENGAmoko y’ibihunyo
1. IRIBURIRO
Ibihumyo ni ibiribwa bikoreshwa mu buryo bwo guteka mu mico itandukanye y’abantu, bikaba kandi bumwe mu bwoko buke bw’ibihumyo biribwa. N’ubwo mu mateka twumva ko abantu bakoreshaga ibihumyo mu mirire cyangwa mu kwivuza, mu myaka ya vuba nibwo byinjijwe ku mugaragaro mu buhanga mu gutegura mafunguro. Uko ubuhinzi bugamije isoko bugenda butera imbere, ubwoko bw’ibihumyo biribwa na bwo bwagiye bwiyongera. Mu rwego rwo kuzamura imirire cyane cyane ku baturage bakennye, ibihumyo ni isoko y’intungamubiri na za vitamini. Byongeye kandi, ibihumyo bikungahaye ku myunyungugu nka Sodiyumu, Potasiyumu, na Kalisiyumu n’Ubutare biri ku rwego rwo hejuru.Ku bw’iyo mpamvu rero, ibihumyo bigira uruhare mu kurwanya imirire mibi no kurwanya indwara yo kugwingira mu bana.
Guhinga ibihumyo bishobora gukorerwa mu rugo, wifashishije ibikoresho biciriritse cyane cyane hagamijwe gutera inkunga imiryango ikennye ikeneye inkunga y’ibikoresho. Ibihumyo byera mu gihe gito, ntibikenera guhingwa ku butaka bunini kandi ntibutwara amafaranga menshi kuko hari ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye rikoreshwa mu kubihinga.
2. AMOKO Y’IBIHUMYO
Hariho amoko menshi y’ibihumyo biribwa, ariko ahingwa mu Rwanda ni abiri gusa, ari yo: Pleurote ( Soma ” Pulerote”) na Ganoderma ( soma ” Ganoderima”)
Pulerote ni ubwoko bw’ibihumyo biribwa buhingirwa kugurishwa no kuribwa ku isi hose. Ubu bwoko bw’ibihumyo ntibugoye guteka kandi biraryoha.
- Ganoderia ni ubwoko bw’ibihumyo bukoreshwa nk’umuti mu buvuzi gakondo bwo ku mugabane wa Aziya.
Gutegura umurima w’ibihunyo
Guhinga ibihumyo ni umurimo woroshye usaba ibintu bikurikira:
- Gushaka umurama
Niba ukeneye guhinga ibihumyo, ni ngombwa gushaka umurama wo guhinga. Umurama: nk’uko imbuto ari ingenzi ku bihingwa, na wo ni ikintu gihomeye kuko ubwiza bw’umurama ari kimwe mu bituma ibihumyo bitanga umusaruro mwiza. Ushobora kwitegurira umurama ukoresheje ikintu kitarangwaho mikorobi cyangwa ukagura imigina yateguwe n’abayigurisha. Kwitegurira umurama bishobora guhenduka mu gihe kirekire, ariko mu gutangira igishoro cyaba kinini. Ku bw’iyo mpamvu, ni byiza gutangira ugura imigina yatewemo umurama.
- Kubaka igisharagati
Inzu yo guhingamo ibihumyo ntogomba kuba ihenze cyangwa yubakishije ibikoresho bihambaye. Ibihumyo byo mu butaka bihingwa mu gisharagati cyangwa se ikibandahori cya mpande eshatu (Triangle shelter); kimwe n’icya mpande enye.
Gutera ibihumyo
- Cukura uturingoti dufite hagati ya cm 25 na 30 uzateramo imigina yawe.
- Tereka imigina mu butaka utondekanya ku murongo wegeranya umwe ku wundi,
- Orosaho agataka ka cm 1 hanyuma uvomerere.
- Shyiraho ishashi igondeye ku biti kugira ngo hagumemo ubuhehere kandi hatagira ikibazo cyo kumagara kugeza igihe bitangiye kuzamuka.
Gucukura umuringoti wo guterekamo imigina Imigina mu muringoti Imigina itwikiriye
Gufata neza ibihumyo
- Nyuma y’iminsi irindwi umaze gutera, ibihumyo bitangira kuzamuka,
- Twikurura ishashi, mbere ya saa moya za mu gitondo mu gihe cy’igice cy’isaha (30min), wongere utwikire, hanyuma utwikurure igice cy’isaha izuba rirenze ku girango hazemo umwuka mwiza
- Uhira igihe ubona ubona ubutaka bwumagaye
- Igihingwa cy’ibihumyo ntabwo gikunze gufatwa n’indwara
Gusarura ibihumyo
- Ibihumyo byera nyuma y’iminsi hagati ya 10 na 15 umaze gutera.
- Ibihumyo byeze neza birangwa no kuzamuka k’urugara (Umurundugushu n’ingofero biba bigaye)
- Usarura umugina umwe umwe, ufatishije ibiganza byombi ugasa n’ufungura ivisi ujyana mu ruhande rumwe ukagarura mu rundi, hanyuma ukazamura witonze wirinda kwangiza imigina kugira ngo izakomeze kwera.
- Iyo ibihumyo bisaruwe bigifite itoto, bisigira ibizashibuka intungamubiri zihagije.
GUFATA NEZA UMUSARURO
Nk’imbuto cyanga imboga, ibihumyo byangirika vuba. Bishobora kubikwa ahantu hatari mu byuma bikonjesha mu gihe kitarenga amasaha 24. Ni ngombwa rero ko umuhinzi w’ibihumyo akora uko ashoboye kugira ngo ibihumyo bibisi bipfunyikwe kandi bibikwe ku buryo bukwiye ndetse binatunganywe kugira ngo bibashe kubikwa igihe kirekire. Gutunganya umusaruro w’ibihumyo bikorwa babishyira mu bikombe byabugenewe, babyumisha cyangwa babikuramo impumuro kugira ngo bizabikike igihe kirekire. Hakozwe ikoranabuhanga rigamije gukora ibiribwa bikoze mu bihumyo nk’imigati bita Piza, ifu y’ibihumyo itegurwamo isupu, ibisuguti n’ibindi byinshi.