Inkoko

Kugaburira inkoko

• Inkoko zigomba kugaburirwa hakurikijwe ibibimo biboneye kandi bikwiye ubwoko bwazo n’ikigero cy;ubukure zigezemo, kugira ngo zibashe gukura vuba kandi zitange umusaruro mwiza.

• Ibiryo by’inkoko bitegurwa hakurikijwe ikigero zigezemo: imishwi, ibigwana n’inkoko nkuru zitera cyangwa z’inyama
• Uretse ibiryo, inkoko zigomba kunywa amazi menshi. Amazi ashyirwa mu nzu inkoko zibamo, zikajya ziyanywa uko zibishatse,

• Ku borozi babasha kugira ibiryo by’inkoko byo mu nganda, imbonerahamwe zikurikira ziragaragaza ingano y’ibiryo bikenewe buri munsi:

Imbonerahamwe ya mbere: Ingano y’ibiryo bigaburirwa inkoko zitera amagi n’iz;inyama

Indwara z’inkoko n’uburyo bwa kuzirwanya

Imbonerahamwe ya 2: Indwara zifata inkoko zitera amagi n’izitanga inyama ndetse n’uburyo bwo kuzirwanya

Indwara	Ikigero cy’inkoko ifata	Ibimenyetso	Uburyo bwo kuyirwanya
1. Inzoka	Inkoko ntoya cyane cyane	Guhumeka nabi, gufureka, gukura nabi, guhitwa, kwitsamura, kunanuka	Imiti y’inzoka Kugira isuku y’aho ziba n’ibyo ziriramo
2. Umuzimire (coccidiose)	Inkoko ntoya cyane cyane	Guhitwa amaraso, kunanuka bikabije, gupfa ari nyinshi	Kuvuza imiti nka sulfamides (amprolium) Kugira isuku y’aho ziba n’ibyo ziriramo
3. Umuraramo (umusinziro)	Inkoko ntoya n’inkuru	Guhitwa iby’umweru cyangwa iby’umuhondo, amababa agacurama, inkoko ziriyegeranya, ntizishobore kugenda, ntizirye, ntizibona ntizibashe guhagarara	Kugira isuku y’aho ziba n’ibyo ziriramo Kuzikingira zikivuka, ku mezi 2 no ku mezi 4 Kuziha sulfamides (Furazolidone)
4. Indwara ya Gumboro	Ibigwana  by’ibyumweru 3 kugeza kuri 6	Guhitwa cyane iby’umweru, guhinda umushyitsi, gutumba, kwigunga. Hapfa 10-30% by’izafashwe	Gukingira imishwi
5. Ubushita (Variole)	Inkoko ntoya n’inkuru	Kubyimba amaso n’amazuru no mu kanwa, kuzana uduheri ku ruhu tukazana urukoko. Mu Rwanda indwara ihaboneka ntikanganye	Kuziha imiti (antibiotics) no kuziha vitamini

•  Inkingo

Inkoko zitera amagi n’izitanga inyama zigomba gukingirwa. Inkingo kuri buri cyiciro, igihe zitangirwa n’ingero zazo biragaragara mu mbonerahamwe zikurikira.

Imbonerahamwe ya 3: Inkingo z’inkoko zitera amagi

Italiki y’urukingo	Igihe imaze ivutse ( iminsi)	Urukingo	Igipimo cy’urukingo
	1	New Castle	New Castle HB 1: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	1-3	Vitamine ( Anti-stress)	AMINOVIT: gr 1 muri litiro y’amazi meza
	4-6	Urukingo rw’Umuzimire	VETACOX: gr 1 muri litiro y’amazi meza
	7	Urukingo rw’indwara ya Gumboro	Cevac Gumbo L: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	21	Urukingo rw’indwara ya Gumboro	Cevac Gumbo L: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	22-23	Urukingo rw’Umuzimire	Amprolium: gr 1 muri litiro y’amazi meza
	24	Urukingo rw’indwara y’ubuhumekero	B1 H52: : icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	28	New Castle	New Castle La sota: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20z’amazi meza
	42-45	Urukingo rw’Umuzimire	Amprolium: gr i1 muri l1 y’amazi meza
	56	Urukingo rw’indwara y’ubuhumekero	B1 H52: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20z’amazi meza
	70	Ubushita	Cevac FPL: urukingo barutera mu ibaba bakoresheje urushinge rwabugenewe
	85	Urukingo rw’Umuzimire	Amprolium: gr 1 muri litiro y’amazi meza
	126	New Castle	New Castle La sota: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20z’amazi meza
	Inkoko zitera	Urukingo rw’umunaniro ukabije n’inzoka	Aminovit Levalap

Imbonerahamwe ya 4: Inkingo z’inkoko zitanga inyama

Italiki y’urukingo	Igihe imaze ivutse ( iminsi)	Urukingo	Igipimo cy’urukingo
	1	New Castle	New Castle HB 1: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	1-4	Vitamine ( zirinda umunaniro ikabije)	AMINOVIT: gr 1 muri l1 y’amazi meza
	5-7	Urukingo rw’Umuzimire	VETACOX: gr 1 muri l1 y’amazi meza
	7	Urukingo rwa Gumboro	Cevac Gumbo L: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	14	New Castle	Newcastle La sota: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza
	17-19	Coccidiosis control	Amprolium: gr 1 muri l 1 y’amazi meza
	21	Urukingo rwa Gumboro	Cevac Gumbo L: icupa ririmo inkingo 1000 rivangwa na litiro 20 z’amazi meza

Kororoka kw’inkoko

• Inkoko itangira gutera amagi ku mezi 5
• Inkoko irarira iminsi 21
• Inkokokazi ishobora gutera amagi nta sake yayimije, ariko ayo magi ntashobora kuvamo imishwi;
• Isake imwe ishobora kwimya inkokokazi 10
• Nyuma y’umwaka umwe (iminsi 350 ), inkokokazi itera amagi igomba kuvanwa mu bworozi ihgasimburwa.

Kwandika no kubika amakuru inkoko

Umworozi w’inkoko agomba kwandika no kubika amakuru ku buryo bukurikira:

• Umubare w’inkoko atunze, zaba izitera amagi cyangwa izitanga inyama.
• Amakuru ku buzima bw’inkoko: harimo amakuru ku mataliki zavukiyeho, izapfuye n’amataliki zapfiriyeho, ibimenyetso zagaragazaga, isuzuma zakorewe n’imiti zahawe, inkingo, n’ibindi…
• Ibiryo zigaburirwa:  ingano y’ibiryo bihabwa inkoko hakurikijwe ibyiciro zirimo.
• Amakuru ku magi zitera: umubare, amazima, amenetse, atari mazima…..,
• Ku nkoko zitanga inyama: amakuru ku buremere bwazo yandikwa buri cyumweru kandi n’amakuru ku ngano y’inyama zitanga arabikwa.

 

•  Amoko

Mu Rwanda, dufite amoko y’inkoko akurikira:

– Inkoko zitera amagi: Isa Brown ( Soma ” Isa Burawuni)

Ibiranga inkoko yo mu bwoko bwa Isa Burawuni: izi inkoko ni bumwe mu bwoko bwiza butera amagi ku mworozi ugitangira kuzorora. Zikomoka mu Bufaranza kandi izikuze zipima hagati ya kg 4.5-6. Ni inkoko zimenyera abantu ku buryo bworoshye. Isa Burawuni ni inkoko zibereye umuryango ufite abana, baba abato baguma mu rugo cyangwa abiga. Izi nkoko ntabwo zikunda gukubagana ziguruka iruhande rw’abana nk’uko andi moko y’inkoko abigenza. Inkoko z’ubu bwoko zitera amagi arenga 300 ku mwaka.

– Inkoko zitanga inyama: Cobb 500 ( Soma “Kobu 500”)

Inkoko z’inyama zo mu bwoko bwa Kobu 500:

• Ntizirushya korora rwose zisaba igiciro gito ugereranyije n’umusaruro w’inyama zitanga
• Zirya bike kandi zigatanga umusaruro wo ku rwego rwo hejuru
• Zikoresha neza ibiryo zihawe
• Zikura neza
• Zikura ku buryo bumwe ku buryo byorohera inganda zitunganya inyama zazo
• Ni ubwoko bwiza buhiga ayandi

– Inkoko gakondo z’inyarwanda

Umusaruro

• Ushobora korora inkoko zitera amagi cyangwa izitanga inyama
• Nyuma y’amezi abiri zivutse, inkoko zitanga inyama zishobora kuba zigeze ku buremere bw kg 1.6
• Iyo ibazwe, inkoko itanga inyama zingana na 70% by’uburemere bwayo ( urugero: inkoko ipima kg 1.6 itanga inyama zingana na kg 1.120)
• Inkoko za gakondo  zo zibasha gutanga umusaruro ungana na 60% by’uburemere bwazo.
• Inkoko yo mu bwoko bwa kijyambere bwa Rhode Island Red yafashwe neza ishobora gutera amagi 220 mu mwak, ni ukuvuga ko itera ku rugero rwa 60%.
• Inkoko itera amagi yo mu bwoko bwa Derco ( Soma “Deriko”) yafashwe neza ibasha gutera amagi 250 ku mwaka, ni ukuvuga ko itera ku rugero rw 69% by’iminsi y’umwaka.
• Habaho ubwoko bwa kijyambere bushobora gutera amagi 300 ku mwaka, cyane cyane ubwitwa Warren ( soma “Wareni”).

Inkoko ya gakondo ishobora gutera hagati y’amagi 60 na 90 ku mwaka, ariko inkoko za gakondo ziratandukanye